Thermal of carbon nanotube-in-CNTs Oil Dispersion

Prior work on asymmetric thermally has shown that it is possible to raise the thermal conductivity of low thermal conductivityliquids at modest volume fractions of nanoparticles. Stable and reproducible nanotubedispersions require careful control of the dispersant chemistry as well as an understanding of their response to input energy. This paper addresses the effects of dispersant concentration, dispersing energy, and nanoparticle loading on thermal conductivity and steady shear viscosity of nanotube-in-oil dispersions. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of these dispersions correlate with each other and vary with the size of large scale agglomerates, or clustered nanoparticles, in the fluids. Fluids with large scale agglomerates have high thermal conductivities.CNTs Oil Dispersion energy, applied by sonication, can decrease agglomerate size, but also breaks the nanotubes, decreasing both the thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanotubedispersions. Developing practical heat transfer fluids containing nanoparticles may require a balance between the thermal conductivity and viscosity of the dispersions.
Nitrogen-enriched carbonaceous nanotubes (N-CTs) were prepared by the heat treatment of conducting polyaniline (PANI) nanotubes and then were used as new carbonaceous electrorheological (ER) fluids. Characterization showed that the nanotubular morphology of the original PANI was preserved after heat treatment, whereas the chemical structure and conductivity were changed significantly depending on the heat treatment temperatures. Under electric fields, the rheological properties of the N-CT suspensions prepared by the ultrasonic dispersion of the N-CTs in silicone oil were measured. This showed that the N-CT suspensions possessed versatile ER performance including high ER efficiency, good dispersion stability, and temperature stability. Especially, compared to the corresponding heat treated granular PANI suspensions, the N-CT suspensions showed better dispersion stability and higher ER effect. Furthermore, the ER effect of N-CT suspensions could be adjusted by varying heat treatment temperatures and the N-CTs obtained at around 600 °C exhibited the maximum ER effect. This could be explained by the polarization response, which originated from the regular change of conductivity of N-CTs as a function of heat treatment temperatures.
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