Silver Nanoparticles Antimicrobial – Silver Nanoparticles Antimicrobial,Copper Oxide Nanoparticles,Gold Nanopowder

September 22, 2017

Magical nano silver powder — seven antibacterial characteristics

The nanometer (nm) is the smallest unit of measure after the micron, and the nanometer is one millionth of one millimeter, that is to say, nanometer is one billionth of a meter. Nano silver powder is made through cutting-edge nano-technology. The emergence of silver powder in the nanometer state, promotes a qualitative leap of bactericidal ability, very few nano-silver can produce a strong bactericidal effect. It can kill more than 650 kinds of bacteria in a few minutes, with broad-spectrum sterilization and no resistance, whihc can promote wound healing, cell growth and repair damaged cells, without any toxic reactions, find no any stimulus response to the skin. All this opens up a broad prospect application of antimicrobial of nano silver powders,and become the latest generation of natural antibacterial agents. Nano silver sterilization has the following characteristics:

1. Broad spectrum antimicrobial

Nano-silver particles directly into the cell, work with oxygen metabolism enzyme (-SH), make the bacteria asphyxia and death of the unique mechanism of action, which can kill contact with most of the bacteria, fungi, mold, spores and other microorganisms. It has found that it has comprehensive antibacterial activity against drug resistant pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus, and anaerobic bacteria. Fungi such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and other G +, G-pathogens have bactericidal effects on Chlamydia trachomatis, causing sexually transmitted diseases. Neisseria gonorrhoeae also has a strong bactericidal effect.
An antibiotic can kill about 6 pathogens, while nanoscale silver can kill hundreds of pathogenic microorganisms. Strong effect to kill bacteria, fungi, trichomoniasis, chlamydia / chlamydia, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, bactericidal, the same effect for antibiotic resistance!

2. Potent sterilization

According to the study, it’s found that Ag can kill more than 650 kinds of bacteria in a few minutes. Nano-silver particles and pathogens after the cell wall / membrane binding, can directly into the cell, quickly with the oxygen metabolism of the enzyme thiol (-SH) binding, the enzyme inactivation, blocking the respiratory metabolism to suffocate. Unique bactericidal mechanism, so that nano-silver particles in the low concentration can quickly kill pathogens.

3. Permeability is strong

Nano-silver particles with superior permeability, can quickly penetrate the skin 2mm sterilization, have a good bactericidal effect on the common bacteria, stubborn bacteria, drug-resistant bacteria and fungi caused by deep tissue infection.

4. Repair regeneration

Nano silver can promote wound healing, promote the repair and regeneration of damaged cells, to rot myogenic, anti-bacterial anti-inflammatory to improve the microcirculation around the wound tissue, effectively activate and promote tissue cell growth, accelerate wound healing, reduce scar generation.

5. Antibacterial lasting

Nano-silver particles using patented technology, a layer of protective film, in the human body can be gradually released, so antibacterial effect

6. Safe and non-toxic

As early as the “Compendium of Materia Medica” records: raw silver, non-toxic; US Public Health Bureau in 1990, “on the toxicity of silver investigation report” that: silver on the human body no obvious side effects; nano silver is topical, Is the safest way to use it. According to the experimental study found that mice in the oral maximum tolerance of 925mg / kg, which is equivalent to the clinical use of 4625 times the dose, without any toxic reactions in the rabbit skin irritation experiments, did not find any stimulus response.

7. No drug resistance

Nano-silver is non-antibiotic fungicide: nano-silver can kill a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, stronger than antibiotics, 10nm size of nano-silver particles unique antibacterial mechanism can quickly kill bacteria directly to the loss of reproductive capacity, therefore, can not produce Drug resistance of the next generation, can effectively avoid the resistance caused by recurrent long-term treatment.

Hongwu Nano, an expert in manufacturering in nanopowders since 2002, especialy nano Silver powders with the best antibacterial property.
High purity,99.99%, good shape,spherical, uniform particle size, easy to disperse nano silver powders are supplied.
Generally speaking, the smaller particle size of Ag nanoparticles, the better bactericidal effect.
Silver nanopowders can not only be available for powders state, but also nano silver antibacterial solution, which is ready to be used, is available.
The concentration of nano silver antibacterial solution is 1000PPM commonly. Other concentration of the solution can be customized.

August 31, 2017August 31, 2017

Nanomaterials closely related to life

Nanotechnology has become a trend, has a great help in our basic necessities of life including Buildings, clothing, food, transportation, medical care, etc. Nanomaterials with dimensions below around 100 nm exhibit unique physical and chemical properties drastically different from their bulk counterparts. The intricate relationship between nanostructure and functionality has opened up a whole new area of research where scientists world-wide aim at exploring, understanding and exploiting the potential of nanomaterials.

1. Sterile tableware and aseptic packaging with nanometer materials makes food more security.

nanomaterial representative: silver nanoparticle, silver nanowire, tio2 nano, etc.

2. That some nanopowders have strong adsorption ability, can make the waste water thoroughly become clear water and reach drinking standard.

nanomaterial representative: Iron nanoparticles, fe3o4 nano, Tio2 nano,etc.

3. Adding nanoparticles to the ceramic can make the material strength and toughness be greatly increased, which is expected to become the ideal material of cars, ships and other engine parts.

nanomaterial representative: silicon carbide nanoparticle, TIC nanoparticles, zro2 nano

4. the micro drug delivery device with nanotechnology can carry a certain dose of the drug in the body, can take the initiative to search for attacking cancer cells or repair damaged tissue.

nanomaterial representative: diamond nanoparticles,iron nanoparticles

5. Adding a small amount of nanoparticles can eliminate electrostatic phenomena of chemical fabric.

nanomaterial representative: ATO nano, TiO2 nano, ZnO nano, carbon nanotube, and metal nanoparticles,etc.

6. Building materials containing nanoparticles and solar thermal reflective material can absorb ultraviolet ray.

nanomaterial representative:TiO2 nano, ZnO nano, WO3 nano, carbon nanotube, etc.

7. Most of us once broke mobile phone or tablet screen.This is a very troublesome thing, we also need to find a place to repair, and pay big money to replace a new screen. Scientists have researched a material that is made of silver nanowires and graphene, which make touch screen be non-friable and flexible, what’s more, it is cheaper.

8. Cosmetics use. platinum nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, tio2 nano, Zno nano, sio2 nano,etc.

9. More application.

nanoparticles manufacturer

Hongwu International Group Ltd is a Nanotechnology Company manufacturing nanoparticles and nanopowders, developing new nanomaterial based applications for the industry and supplying almost all kinds of nano-micro sized powders and more from worldwide-known companies. Our company provides our customers:

Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Nanomaterials (almost all kinds are available)

High Quality Nanoparticles and Nanopowders (Elements, Alloys, Metal and Non-Metal Oxides, Compounds)

High Quality Microparticles and Micron Sized Powders (Elements, Alloys, Metal and Non-Metal Oxides, Compounds)

Nanowires

Nanoparticle Dispersions

If you are looking for related products that are not in our product list yet, our experienced and dedicated team is ready for help. Do not hesitate to contact us at hwnano@xuzhounano.com. thank you.

April 11, 2016

Silver Nanoparticles For Printable Electronics And Medical Application

Silver nanoparticles have attracted extensive research interest because of unusal optical, electronic, and chemical properties which depend on their size, shape,composition, crystallinity, and structure. They have been widely exploited for use as microelectronic materials, antibacterial materials, catalystic materials and sensor materials due to these unique properties.

Silver nanoparticles used in electronic device application are generally prepared by chemical reduction methods.Using these methods, silver nanoparticles with spherical,cubic, wire. amd triangular shapes have been manufactured.

Silver nanopaticles are widely incorporated into wound dressings, and are used as an antiseptic and disinfectant in medical applications and in consumer goods. Silver nanoparticles have a high surface area per unit mass and release a continuous level of silver ions into their environment. The silver ions are bioactive and have broad spectrum antimicrobial properties against a wide range of bacteria. By controlling the size, shape, surface and agglomeration state of the nanoparticles, specific silver ion release profiles can be developed for a given application.

We supply silver nanoparticles in 20nm,30-50nm, 50-80nm or more bigger, particle size is adjustable. Contact us for further information.

February 18, 2016

Silver or Silver Nanoparticles

Gold nanoparticles have good stability, small size effect, surface effect, an optical effect and unique biological affinity, in many areas show a potential application, aroused great interest in science and technology workers, scientists have synthesized a silver (Ag) nanocluster that is virtually identical to a gold (Au) nanocluster. On the outside, the silver nanocluster has a golden yellow color, and on the inside, its chemical structure and properties also closely mimic those of its gold counterpart. The work shows that it may be possible to create silver nanoparticles that look and behave like gold despite underlying differences between the two elements, and could lead to creating similar analogues between other pairs of elements.

The researchers, led by Osman Bakr, Associate Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) in Saudi Arabia, have published the paper in a recent issue of the Journal of the American Chemical Society.

“In some aspects, this is very similar to alchemy, but we call it ‘nano-alchemy,'” Bakr told Phys.org. “When we first encountered the optical spectrum of the silver nanocluster, we thought that we may have inadvertently switched the chemical reagents for silver with gold, and ended up with gold nanoparticles instead. But repeated synthesis and measurements proved that the clusters were indeed silver and yet show properties akin to gold. It was really surprising to us as scientists to find not only similarities in the color and optical properties, but also the X-ray structure.”

Like all chemical elements, silver and gold are defined by their number of protons: silver has 47, and gold has 79. The work here doesn’t change the number of protons in an atom of silver; otherwise it would no longer be considered silver. Instead, the researchers synthesized a nanocluster of 25 silver atoms, along with 18 other molecules called “ligands” that surround the silver atoms. The entire negatively charged, silver-based complex ion has the chemical formula [Ag25(SPhMe2)18]-.

Although a few other silver nanoparticle have been synthesized in recent years, this is the first silver nanocluster that has a matching analogue in gold: [Au25(SPhMe2)18]- has previously been reported. Besides both nanoclusters having 25 metal atoms and 18 ligands, they also both have all of their atoms and electrons arranged in almost exactly the same way.

In their study, the researchers performed tests demonstrating that the silver and gold nanoclusters have very similar optical properties. Typically, silver nanoclusters are brown or red in color, but this one looks just like gold because it emits light at almost the same wavelength (around 675 nm) as gold. The golden color can be explained by the fact that both nanoclusters have virtually identical crystal structures.

January 19, 2016

About Carbon Nanotube for Surgery Wound Healing

Carbon nanotubes have many unique properties – they are so many things almost perfect material. They are not only 50 times stronger than steel, they are also lighter by a very substantial. You know, scientists have discovered that a very interesting; carbon nanotubes, graphene coating, the introduction of certain enzymes in the blood to break their bonds, is the blood of animals and humans.

Now then, not long ago, we are talking about this in our Internet style think tank, and I came up with a new innovation, idea, and potential invention in the bioscience and life sciences industry sector. A carbon nanotube patch or carbon nano-tube stitches for Post Surgery wound healing.

You see, Carbon Nano Tubes are decayed by enzymes in blood, and that includes members of the human species or other Earth species with blood, so it is perfect for veterinarians or hospital surgeons. How would this work you ask? Well let me explain it to you;

Since blood causes carbon nano tubes to decay, over a two or three day – as the wound healed the carbon nanotubes would dissolve. Since carbon is part of the human body, and much of any animal species on this planet is carbon based, it wouldn’t hurt anything. In fact, if you coated the carbon nanotube stitches with some sort of antibiotic, you could also solve that problem. Please consider all this.

The carbon nanotube stitches would be shaped like a spring, and you would place a device over the wound pressing the flesh together, and trying to align the skin. Next you would turn on the device, and it would spin this spring forward along the wound, as the front of the spring makes a path for the rest of the spring as it would whirl and twirl itself along and close up the wound.

Lance Winslow is the Founder of the Online Think Tank, a diverse group of achievers, experts, innovators, entrepreneurs, thinkers, futurists, academics, dreamers, leaders, and general all around brilliant minds. Lance Winslow hopes you’ve enjoyed today’s discussion and topic.

December 29, 2015

How Using Gold Nanoparticles Develop Novel Nanosurgery Technique?

Nanotechnology in today’s society are more and more mature, the future development of new technologies provide a higher standard of living, the scientists are trying hard to explore new areas. A research team led by Professor Michel Meunier from the Polytechnique Montréal has developed a novel transfection technique using gold nanoparticles and a femtosecond laser to change cancer cells’ genetic material.

In this technique, silver nanoparticle and gold nanoparticles are deposited on the cells to concentrate the laser energy and enable it conduct a nano-scale surgery in a highly accurate non-invasive manner. This method is capable of changing the gene expression in the cancer cells to slow down their movement, thus preventing metastases formation. This pioneering achievement in nanosurgery paves the way to advance cancer treatments and other innovative medical applications.

This technique is a promising replacement for traditional cellular transfection techniques like lipofection. In the experiment on malignant human melanoma cells, this method showed an optoporation efficacy of 70% and a transfection performance three folds better than that of lipofection treatment. Moreover, contrary to traditional treatments that destroy the cells’ physical integrity, the novel technique ensures cellular viability with below 1% of toxicity.

This significant scientific advancement opens the door to develop promising applications such as novel therapeutic methods in cardiology, neurology, and oncology. The Polytechnique Montréal team works in partnership with scientists from the Department of Medicine at the McGill University Health Centre.

This project is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Canada Research Chairs program, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, and the Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies.

The research team has reported their findings in the journal Biomaterials.

December 10, 2015

About Antimicrobial Silver Nanoparticles

“Nano Silver” is “silver nanoparticles” is abbreviated or commonly known, refers to the particles of silver atoms, the particle size is generally in the range of 1-100 nm. Silver chunks of material surface having antibacterial properties already well known, the mechanism is located on the surface of the silver atoms in the oxygen environment may be slow oxidation, releasing free silver ions (Ag +), the silver ions with the wall of the bacteria mercapto binding, blocking the bacterial respiratory chain, eventually killing bacteria adhered to the surface of the material. For bulk material is silver, the oxidation process is extremely slow, the amount and rate of release of silver ions very low.

Some people are claiming for Silver Nanoparticles Antimicrobial and solutions to be bad without any proof. Dr. Flavin from the FDA actually stated that silver is in fact safe and can benefit the immune system.

Silver Nanoparticles are tiny particles of silver and are made with a very low application of electricity to pure silver. If the amount of electricity applied is too much, the silver particles will not be nano sized and it’s important that they are nanoparticles because they are small enough to affect viruses.

As far as the claims of silver being “toxic”. Have you ever seen any any effects from holding silver in your hand. The answer to that would be no. If silver were toxic, we couldn’t hold it with our bare hands safely.

In the air there are heavy metals like lead, mercury and cadmium we breathe in all the time. Most of this comes from industry and past weapons testing in the 1940’s and 1950’s. These metals also show up in our water supply. They are very dangerous metals and are proven to be toxic. Yet we are still alive.

Silver is not proven to be toxic at all.
There is a condition called argyria. This condition is real and used by organizations to scare people away. Argyria turns the skin a blue/gray color. This is caused from large amounts of impure silver build up in the skin. Impure silver has other material in it that is not supposed to be there like proteins, other metals, salt, etc.

The truth about argyria is that it is extremely rare. The only way to get argyria is to take poorly made impure silver solutions. Dr. Flavin, a former science assistant to the Director of Toxicology at the FDA, made a signed statement that says pure silver solutions are not toxic and admits that silver nanoparticles, are in fact proven to help the immune system. The link to this document is below.

All silver solutions should be nano sized and made from.999 pure silver. Any good pure silver nanoparticle solution provider will state the silver particle size and the ppm (parts per million) amount on the bottle or they will tell you if asked. Some companies have effectively made silver particles at.8 microns which is smaller than a nanoparticle.

Most providers will recommend taking 1/2 a teaspoon or smaller. Any silver that is not used by the body will be expelled through the urine when taken in small amounts.

Silver nano particles working the body.
The immune system can be preoccupied with other germs and bacteria. Even more if there is a virus present. When the immune system is working overtime, this can weaken the bodies defenses and allow germs, viruses and bacteria to grow since the immune system can’t keep up and kill them. This makes us sick.

The introduction of silver nanoparticles. Silver with positive charge viruses and harmful bacteria like negatively charged. Thus, when silver nanoparticles come into contact, it inhibits the viruses and bacteria, and kill them with natural anti-bacterial silver, antibiotics and anti-viral properties. When viruses and bacteria are put out of commission, which makes the natural immune system to grow and grow, what then take care of the rest. Very simple, but very effective.

October 23, 2015

History of Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes

1985 British scientist spectrum professor at the University of Sussex American Kroto and Smalley and Curl at Rice University professor in two collaborative research, we found a high degree of symmetry of the carbon element may be formed by a cage-like 60 or 70 carbon atoms in the C60 and C70 molecular structure, known as buckyballs (Buckyballs).

In 1991, Japanese scientists Iijima at NEC preparing cathode scarring C60 for the first time by high resolution tunneling electron microscopy revealed an outer diameter of 515nm, an inner diameter of 213nm, stacked by only two coaxial cylindrical surface made of graphite-like carbon nanotubes. Then in 1993, Iijima and Bethune research group also reported the structure is very simple synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes, which is theoretically predicted properties of carbon nanotubes offer the possibility of experiments on carbon clusters to further broaden the scope of the material, also greatly contributed to the theoretical and experimental study of carbon nanotubes so that the field is now becoming a hot global research. Carbon nanotubes are following the discovery of C60 carbon allotropes with another, smaller radial dimension, the tube diameter is generally a few nanometers to several tens of nanometers, smaller diameter of the tube, some only about 1nm; and Its length is generally in the micron level, length and diameter ratio is very large, up to 103 to 106. Thus, carbon nanotubes are considered to be a typical one-dimensional nanomaterials. Since carbon nanotubes were found to mankind, has been hailed as the future of the material, it is one of the frontiers of international science in recent years. Professor Alex Zettl Berkeley University of California think, on prospects for C60 and carbon nanotubes to conduct a comprehensive comparison, C60 can be summarized with a sheet of paper, and carbon nanotubes need to complete a book.

The unique structure of multi walled carbon nanotubes determines that it has many special physical and chemical properties. Composed of carbon nanotubes C = C covalent bond is nature’s most stable chemical bond, it makes the carbon nanotube has a very excellent mechanical properties. Theoretical calculations show that carbon nanotubes have high strength and great toughness. Its theoretical value estimate Young’s modulus up 5TPa, strength is about 100 times stronger than steel, but weight density is only 1/6 of steel. Treacy and so for the first time use of the TEM measurements of the temperature within the range from room temperature to 800 degrees change MWCNTs mean square amplitude, to derive the average Young’s modulus is about multi-walled carbon nanotubes 1.8Tpa. The Salvetat and other measurements of Young’s modulus of single-walled small-diameter carbon nanotubes, and export its shear modulus 1Tpa. Wong et AFM measured bending strength multi-walled carbon nanotubes with an average of 14.2 ± 10.8GPa, and bending strength of the carbon fibers but only 1GPa. Whether it is the strength or toughness of carbon nanotubes, they are far superior to any fiber, is considered the future of the “super fiber.” It predicted that carbon nanotubes could become a new kind of high-strength carbon fiber material, both inherent nature of the carbon material, and a conductive metallic material and thermal conductivity, heat and corrosion resistance of ceramic materials, textile fibers can be woven , as well as lightweight polymer materials, ease of processing. The carbon nanotubes as composite reinforcement, is expected to show good strength, elasticity, fatigue resistance and isotropic carbon nanotube-reinforced composites can be expected to bring composites may leap. Research produced by nanotube composite material is first carried out on a metal base, such as: Fe / carbon nanotube, Al / carbon nanotube, Ni / carbon nanotube, Cu / carbon nanotube. In recent years, the focus has shifted to the carbon nanotube polymer composites / carbon nanotube composite material aspects, such as high-strength lightweight materials, the use of carbon fiber as a reinforcing material, the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes and small diameter and a large aspect ratio will bring better enhancement.

September 14, 2015

Applications of Carbon NanoTubes

If you are an engineer, and hope to establish something, it will last a long time, to take the final element of abuse, and even can withstand 5 hurricane, as well as can be; how would you do it?

Perhaps you would want a material that is stronger than steel, flexible and yet, harder than diamonds; indeed and that is what she said. No more viagra needed? But in all seriousness can you image a real legitimate use for this type of material? How about replacing wooden dams in flood prone areas or cement dams in Earthquake prone regions? How about a car that you could play bumper cars with and never lose, the ultimate urban assault vehicles? Speaking of urban assault and the war in Iraq which is similar to the Los Angeles Freeways, how about a Humvee made out of that kind of material. Yah that would save our Troops from roadside bombs and murderous cowardice International Terrorists indeed. What if you were making these units out of a material that was ten times lighter than steel and 250 times the strength?

Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) are ideal systems for investigating fundamental properties in one-dimensional electronic systems and have the potential to revolutionize many aspects of nano/molecular electronics. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has been used to characterize the atomic structure and tunneling density of states of individual SWNTs. Detailed spectroscopic measurements showed one-dimensional singularities in the SWNT density of states for both metallic and semiconducting nanotubes. The results obtained were compared to and agree well with theoretical predictions and tight-binding calculations. SWNTs were also shortened using the STM to explore the role of finite size, which might be exploited for device applications. Segments less than 10 nm exhibited discrete peaks in their tunneling spectra, which correspond to quantized energy levels, and whose spacing scales inversely with length. Finally, the interaction between magnetic impurities and electrons confined to one dimension was studied by spatially resolving the local electronic density of states of small cobalt clusters on metallic SWNTs. Spectroscopic measurements performed on and near these clusters exhibited a narrow peak near the Fermi level that has been identified as a Kondo resonance. In addition, spectroscopic studies of ultrasmall magnetic nanostructures, consisting of small cobalt clusters on short nanotube pieces, exhibited features characteristic of the bulk Kondo resonance, but also new features due to their finite size.

Well as an engineer you would be making bridges, nuclear power plants, ships, airplanes, cars, buildings and swimming pools out of it. You would be thinking of Space Shuttles, Lunar Colonies, Satellites, iPods and even the levees in New Orleans, but the more you thought about it, you would say; Golf Clubs, fishing poles and snow boards; boy you do need a vacation don’t you? Yes and they you would be re-designing the Château, ski lift and making yourself a new snow mobile too.

You would water pipes, oil pipelines, aqueducts and Space Needles out of the stuff. You are a true American entrepreneur I can tell, so I am thinking you wish to make flag poles, Washington Monument and even the Statue of Liberty out of this stuff. Oh, did I tell you that this material could conduct electricity and even remain invisible to the naked eye? Oh, there goes your engineering mind again, underground Internet lines; high-tension power lines and ditch those lightning prone telephone wires too. Well, I guess we agree that Carbon Nanotubes are the material of the future then. Think on this.

September 10, 2015

All About Silver Nanoparticles Antimicrobial

Nano-silver antibacterial agent is to achieve nanoscale metal particle elemental silver, about 25 nanometers in diameter mostly. Then the use of special technology, nano-silver into a carrier to form a solution.

Origin
Silver Nanoparticles Antimicrobial originated from the ancient times people began to use, it was found that silver and copper vessels retained water should not deteriorate, and later the palace of your time and get used to eat the rich silver chopsticks, folk and wear jewelry made of silver, Chinese folk very early recognized the silver has antibacterial effect.

Definitions
Refers to the ability of nano-silver antibacterial agent within a certain time, so that certain microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae and viruses, etc.) necessary to maintain growth or reproduction below the level of chemicals. Nano-silver antibacterial agent is a substance or product has bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties.

Antibacterial principle
Contact reaction antibacterial mechanism: silver ions contact reaction, resulting in the destruction of microorganisms common components or produce dysfunction. When a small amount of silver ions to reach the microbial cell membranes, because the latter with a negative charge, relying on Coulomb attraction, so that the two strongly adsorbed silver ions penetrate the cell wall into the cell, and react with SH groups, so that protein coagulation, damage cells synthase activity, cell death and loss of the ability to proliferate. Silver ions can damage microbial electron transport system, respiratory system and mass transport systems.

Feature
Potent bactericidal, repair and regeneration, broad-spectrum bactericidal, permeability, durability, no drug resistance.