ruthenium metal powders – Silver Nanoparticles Antimicrobial,Copper Oxide Nanoparticles,Gold Nanopowder

November 16, 2015

Current Nanoparticles Technology

Nanotechnology is an emerging high-tech in recent years. “Nano” mainly refers to the nanometer (one length unit of measurement equal to 1 / 1000,000,000 meters) near the material scale, which manifested in different areas and for special performance called “nanotechnology”, its specific definition see the term “nanotechnology.”Copper Oxide Nanoparticles is popular today.

What is nanotechnology? It refers to a field of applied science and technology whose theme is the control of matter on the atomic and molecular levels. It makes compounds very, very small. It is supposed to deliver more effective and faster results. It makes products lighter, stronger, cleaner, and less expensive. This technology has not been thoroughly tested and we don’t know how safe it is; especially on the delicate areas of the face. The FDA has not done much research. As yet, it seems not to have any adverse effects nor have any cases emerged. However, some experts wonder about the safety because when particles get very small, they tend to develop new chemical properties. Nanoparticles can slip through skin layers, and that means they can potentially interact with the immune system and bloodstream, and possibly become toxic and damage tissue.

I did not know anything about nanotechnology until I read an article by Forbes.com, “How to Become a Billionaire.” Pete Newcomb senior editor at Forbes was answering questions on how the rich become rich. He said that to become a billionaire you need to invest, take risks, think outside the box, have big ideas and a great capacity for creative thinking, love what you do, and also think of an idea we haven’t heard of yet. Two industries of interest he mentioned were nanotech and organics. Since I am in the beauty industry and have read about organic cosmetics and not nanotech, I began to do some research. Both of these are growing markets in cosmetics. Even though nanotech was new to me, it has been around for awhile. Nippon Keidaren (Japan Business Federation) is a comprehensive economic organization born in May 2002. They forecasted that nanotech in the domestic market will gross 27 trillion by year 2010. All of the major cosmetics companies like L’Oreal, Estee Lauder, and Shisedio have nanoparticles already in many of their products. A lot of this technology is used in the anti-aging products and in sunscreens.

All major cosmetics companies do test their products and there are laws that cosmetics companies have to follow to insure products are safe, but the FDA only investigates cosmetics if safety questions emerge after a product has been on the market. The testing of nanoparticles in cosmetics continues to be tested by the big cosmetic companies using the technology. For me, the jury is still out.

I’ve worked for several cosmetics companies and tried many of their products that have this technology and have had no issues. I am not a chemist or researcher. I am a makeup artist. One of the most important aspects of makeup is the skin. After reading and learning more about nanotechnology in cosmetics, it is a bit disturbing because it may be toxic. Cosmetic companies are making these products because they are less expensive to make, they have faster results and more benefits. The companies sell whole skin care systems because they specify that they work synergistically, and have more effective results. However, whole systems may be even more toxic to the consumer, if they contain nanoparticles. Are these companies taking enough precautions to prove these products are safe? Short term, it may reduce wrinkles and lift, but long term can it cause cancer or breakdown your immune system, or damage the tissue on your face? I have changed my philosophy regarding some of these products.

To live consciously with the universe, use products that are not used in animal testing, use products that are free of parabens. Even consider making some of your own products. Try organic or natural products. If the nanoparticle in the cosmetic product is a natural compound like green tea or grapeseed extract, it is probably of no harm. But be aware of chemicals. Cosmetics are full of chemicals do you want these chemicals to enter your bloodstream and be more harmful long term. As a consumer and promoter of skin care products, I encourage my clients to do self work and study to educate themselves, ask your dermatologist. Don’t take everything said by a sales person as complete fact. If they tell you a product is going to reduce wrinkles 20% , lift your sagging skin, or make your skin soft and supple; that may happen at the moment – short term, or while your using that product continually. It may be a quick fix, but that’s not what you want when you’re caring for one of the most important organs of your body, your skin, which has a major role in protecting and presenting you. Think seriously about what you’re putting on your face and read, read, read the labels of the cosmetics you’re using.

July 27, 2015

Information of Most Versatile Precious Metal Ruthenium

Ruthenium metal powders are called “two ruthenium Foix.” When sunlight, molecular diRuthenium Foix will change shape into a semi-stable state, but this state is very safe. They can be stored indefinitely heat by means of a catalyst, which in turn can be restored to its original shape, releasing tremendous heat stored. The heat can be used to heat the house.

Although alphabetically last in a list of precious metals, ruthenium is considered to be the most versatile of this group of elements. There is a total of six precious metals found within the platinum group, with ruthenium being the most versatile.

Ruthenium is a hard white-colored metal that has four crystallization varieties. Ruthenium does not tarnish under general circumstances, but will quickly oxidize quickly with exposure to air. Two methods of plating will improve its durability, these are known as electrodeposition and thermal decomposition.

Alloys comprised of ruthenium and palladium or ruthenium and platinum are commonly used as materials for electrical contacts because of the excellent wear resistance. Ruthenium is known to be very effective when used as a hardener when used as an alloy for palladium or platinum products. Adding ruthenium to titanium, the resulting alloy has a significantly improved resistance to corrosion.

There are other applications for ruthenium, including manufacture of film chip resistors, as an alloy with gold for high end jewelry, industrial turbine blades for aircraft engines (because it is a high temperature super alloy), tips for high end fountain pens, as part of a chemical process for mixed-metal oxide anodes or removal of hydrogen sulfide during industrial manufacture; parts of optical sensor devices; and radiography equipment (such as that required for eye sensors).

Ruthenium is found in various ores in the Ural Mountain range in Russia, as well as parts of North America and South America. Other locations, including Sudbury in Ontario, Canada, in pentlandite, (which is an sulfide comprised of iron and nickel) as well as small areas of South Africa, in pyroxenite (which is an ultrabasic igneous rock formation) also contain sources of ruthenium. This precious metal is found alongside the other five precious metals that are included within the platinum group.

Ruthenium is derived for commercial purposes as a by- product when nickel and copper is processed. This is similar to the way that the other platinum family precious metals are obtained. Direct processing of certain platinum ores can also be a way to obtain ruthenium. Isolating ruthenium can only be done following a complex chemical process. This process will ultimately yield a powder form which can be consolidated through argon arc-welding techniques.

Ruthenium is rather rare, ranking 74th among all of the chemical metal elements, making it one of the most rare elements. Worldwide, there are approximately 5000 tons available, and this amount is mined at a rate of approximately 12 tons per year. Ruthenium is valued at around $1000 USD per troy ounce.

July 6, 2015

The Nanotechnology of Carbon Nanotubes

Multi walled carbon nanotubes can appear either in the form of a coaxial assembly of SWNT similar to a coaxial cable, or as a single sheet of graphite rolled into the shape of a scroll.The diameters of MWNT are typically in the range of 5 nm to 50 nm. The interlayer distance in MWNT is close to the distance between graphene layers in graphite.MWNT are easier to produce in high volume quantities than SWNT. However, the structure of MWNT is less well understood because of its greater complexity and variety. Regions of structural imperfection may diminish its desirable material properties.

The challenge in producing SWNT on a large scale as compared to MWNT is reflected in the prices of SWNT, which currently remain higher than MWNT.SWNT, however, have a performance of up to ten times better, and are outstanding for very specific applications.

Fullerenes and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are two closely related carbon materials. While fullerenes have bucky-ball structure, CNTs are stripes of graphite rolled up seamlessly into tubes (cylinders). The carbon atoms in a nanotube are arranged in hexagons, similarly to the arrangement of atoms in a sheet of graphite. The electronic properties are fully determined by its helicity (chirality) and diameter. They can have both metallic and semiconducting properties. The typical dimensions of a single wall CNT are: 1 nm in diameter and length of few micrometers. On the other hand, multi-walled CNTs can have diameters up to 100 nm. Recently, super long nanotubes with length of around 1 cm were successfully synthesized.

CNTs are produced by a variety of methods. The most common methods include chemical vapor deposition (CVD), electric arc-discharge, laser ablation of a carbon target, etc. Aligned (forest-like) nanotubes can also be synthesized. Aligned CNTs provide a well-defined structure for some applications. For example, high power density supercapacitors can be built using locally aligned nanotube electrodes.

CNTs play important role in the developing field of nanotechnology. Their excellent electronic transport properties make them good candidates for building blocks in nanoelectronics. The high aspect ratio of nanotubes is favorable in applications based on field emission, like flat panel displays and lamps. Furthermore, the strong mechanical properties and high thermal stability of CNTs improve the properties of matrix materials such as polymers or ceramics. Nanotubes have also been used as an alternative to currently used fillers (e.g. carbon black) to facilitate electrostatic dissipation by increasing the conductivity of polymers. Other studies have been directed towards improving the conductivity of already conducting polymers, thus resulting in a more conductive material.

As already mentioned, the properties of CNTs are fully determined by their exact atomic structure. Thus, in order to build a precise nanotube-based nanoelectronic device with well-defined properties, it is crucial to control the positioning and the atomic (electronic) structure (helicity) of nanotubes already in the growth phase. Some major hurdles still need to be overcome in this field. However, there are many applications where CNT networks are used instead of individual nanotubes. In these cases the properties of the whole nanotube network are determinative. These applications are very promising and a long line of nanotube-based materials and devices are already in the pipeline.