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December 21, 2018

Application of nano-powder in lubrication:

Nano tin(Sn), indium(In), bismuth(Bi) powder:
The melting points of tin, indium, bismuth and their alloys are all below 300 ° C. Many organic solvents have boiling points above this temperature and can be stable for a long time, so it is easy to find a suitable reaction medium. Tin, indium and antimony nanoparticles have attracted much attention in the field of friction due to their special physicochemical properties and small particle size. The use of nanoparticles as lubricant additives is a research hotspot in the field of lubrication. Studies have shown that nanoparticles have different lubrication properties than traditional organic lubricant additives due to their composition and structural characteristics. Specifically in the following three aspects:
(1) The nanoparticles are mostly spherical, and they may act like a “ball bearing” between the frictional faces, thereby effectively improving the tribological properties of the lubricating oil;
(2) Under heavy load and high temperature, the nanoparticles between the frictional faces may be flattened to form a sliding system, thereby reducing friction and wear;
(3) Nanoparticles can be filled in the pits and damage sites on the surface of the workpiece, making it possible to repair the surface of the friction surface in situ. Metal nanoparticle lubricants combined with the combination of the above three mechanisms of nanoparticles are considered to be the most likely to be a new generation of lubricant additives.

Nano Copper(Cu) powder:
The nano-copper powder in the nano-copper powder lubricating oil additive acts as a buffer on the surface of the friction workpiece during the circulation of the oil circuit, and the nano-copper powder has better high-temperature chemical stability with respect to the organic additive, and therefore, fundamentally It solves the problem of agglomeration and carbonization which may occur in lubricating oil at high temperatures. More importantly, the nano copper powder is fine and soft, and can be filled with friction defects at any time to play a self-repairing effect. The function of nano copper lubricant additive is mainly reflected in:
1. Reduce frictional resistance, improve engine effective power and extend engine life;
2. Eliminate damage to the engine from initial start-up and save fuel consumption;
3. Improve the efficiency of the lubricating oil and ensure the power output of the engine.
Technical indicators
Experimental studies have shown that the addition of 0.1% nano-copper powder lubricant additive to the lubricating oil can reduce the friction coefficient by 30%, the wear by 34%, the fuel economy by 5%, and the average fuel consumption by 3%.

Nano boron nitride powder:
Nano boron nitride powder has excellent lubricating properties at room temperature and good lubricity in high temperature environments. It is widely used in the field of high temperature solid lubricants.

Nano Graphite powder:
Nano graphite powder belongs to layered inorganic substances, and the addition of nano-graphite lubricating oil and grease has obvious improvement in lubrication performance, high-temperature resistance, wear resistance and wear-reducing performance.
Lubricating oil and grease are used in the industrial lubrication field. However, lubricating oil and grease will reduce the lubricating effect in high temperature and high pressure environment, and nano graphite powder will be added as lubricant additive to lubricating oil and grease production. Among them, nano-graphite powder can upgrade its lubricating performance and high temperature resistance. Nano-graphite powder is made of natural flake graphite powder with good lubricity as raw material, while nano-graphite powder has nanometer-scale grain size and volume effect. , quantum effect, surface and interface effects, after research, it shows that under the same conditions of scale crystal size, the smaller the particle size of graphite powder, the better the lubrication effect.
The use of nano-graphite powder in grease is better than that in lubricating oil. Nano-graphite powder can be made into nano-graphite solid lubricating dry film, which can be used on the rolling surface of heavy-duty bearings. The coating formed by nano-graphite powder can be effective. The ground is isolated from corrosive media while providing effective lubrication.

Nano Zirconium Dioxide(ZrO2) particle:
The zirconia particles having a particle diameter of less than 100 nm can effectively improve the antiwear and antifriction properties and load carrying capacity of the lubricating oil. The tribological mechanism of nano-zirconia is deposited on the friction surface to form a lubricating film with anti-wear and anti-friction effects. It should be noted that the amount of nano zirconia added has an optimum value, and the amount of addition is too large, and the tribological properties of the lubricating oil may decrease.

Nano Silica(SiO2) particle:
The surface of the nano-silica particles contains a large amount of hydroxyl groups and unsaturated residual bonds, which can form a strong chemical adsorption film on the surface of the friction pair, thereby protecting the metal friction surface and significantly improving the friction performance of the lubricating oil.
Some studies have found that the bearing capacity of lubricating oil is greatly improved after adding nano-SiO2. When the amount of addition is 1.5, the PB value is increased by nearly one time. At the same time, it was also found that SiO2 nanoparticles as excellent lubricant additives showed excellent anti-wear and anti-friction properties, and played a certain role in repairing the wear table.

June 13, 2018

WC-Co-180408

Carbide alloy is the “tooh of industrial”, and nano WC-Co is widely used in machining cutting tools, oil and geological exploration and mining tools, precision molds and anti-wear products due to its high strength, hardness, abrasion resistance and oxidation resistance.

Application of WC-Co Nano composite Powder is based on Its Technological Characteristics.
The nano WC-Co powder is prepared by ultra-fine alloy than the traditional mixture. The WC phase of the prepared alloy is finer and more homogeneous, with better physical and mechanical properties and longer service life.

WC-Co is a very good bit material, smicro-drill bit made by sintering nano WC-Co applied for processing of printed circuit board has the lifetime 3-4 times of common carbide drill, and 50 times of stainless steel drill.

WC-Co nano composite powder can be used for anti-wear coating.
WC-Co composite powder is based on WC particles as the core, with cobalt as coating, cobalt content can be changed in the range of 8% -22%, the higher the cobalt content, spray coating strength and toughness on The higher the crack susceptibility is reduced, but the abrasion resistance also decreases. WC-Co has a high hardness and wear resistance, is the most important hard wear-resistant composite powder material. Nano WC-Co material particle size is too small, difficult to flow, easy to plug the spray barrel, and because of its surface activity, spraying process is easy to sintering, so WC-Co nano-powder used for spraying, the need to directly made it directly Thermal sprayed nano structured powders, this process also known as granulation. The nano-WC-Co powder is agglomerated into 15-50um micron-grade powder, which can be used directly for thermal spraying.
If you want use the nano-WC-Co directly thermal spray, reasonable process and a special material form is required, and select the supersonic flame spray plasma spraying is better.

With the increasingly mature powder technology, composite powder will be with
There is a broader application prospects, not only in the field of tool materials more
Large development, and will be in the field of thermal spray materials and wear-resistant structural materials and has great development and market room.

May 4, 2018

Nano Silver Used for Conductive Ink

Nano-silver is the main component of conductive ink, its concentration is a very critical issue, because it relates to the ability to achieve good conductivity and whether the smooth printing. If the concentration of silver-containing ink is large, the use of this material for fine inkjet, its high concentration and low viscosity conditions with rapid precipitation trend. In the case of high concentrations and very small particles, the distance between the particles and the particles becomes very small, which makes it difficult to prevent the occurrence of agglomeration. The same weight of particles to form a diameter of 10nm suspended matter than the number of 1μm diameter of the formation of suspended solids to more than 1 million times. Therefore, at higher concentrations, the dispersion and stabilization of nano-silver particles is a key technology to make inkjet conductive ink become a mature product.
The adjustment of the diameter of the silver particles, the surface modification method and the ink formulation can improve the dispersion stability of the silver particles. The nano-silver particles may also be dispersed in ethanol so that it is compatible with diethylene glycol or with the ethylene glycol system to form an alcohol-based dispersion.

In general, silver particles less than 100 nm are called nanosized silver. When the diameter of the silver particles reaches this scale, increasing the relative proportions of the surface atoms with higher energy will cause a sudden change in the properties of the material. This change can be expressed as a change in sintering capacity characteristics or due to a change in the band gap Caused by changes in the electromagnetic properties caused by the electrical properties or optical properties of the huge changes in the screen, such as color and transparency changes. For nano-silver, the critical point of its performance change is related to the diameter of the particles. When the particle diameter is less than 50nm, the sintering performance at low temperature (less than 200 ℃) is obviously enhanced, and the melting point can be reduced to 120 ~ 200 ℃ The Inkjet conductive ink is the use of nano-silver particles low melting point of the characteristics of the development history, which can be plastic substrates, and even paper on the basis of printing and sintering process, excellent performance of the conductive layer. Inkjet conductive inks are mostly made of spherical nano silver.

Due to the presence of tiny particles, the inkjet ink is somewhat similar to the pigment type inkjet ink. Therefore, the solid particles in the ink must meet certain requirements: the maximum diameter of the silver particles should be less than 1/10 of the diameter of the nozzle to avoid bridging and blocking phenomena, taking into account the nozzle shape and the number of operations and other factors Founder, this ratio should actually smaller. At present, many companies inkjet conductive ink silver particle diameter is generally 20 ~ 50nm. This scale of silver particles, both with low melting characteristics, but also to meet the inkjet print on the size of the requirements of solid particles.

April 20, 2018

Significant applications: Graphene is used to detect cancer cells for the first time!

Although graphene has not been widely used yet, but researches on it have never stopped.

Graphene is a planar film composed of carbon atoms in the hexagonal heterogeneous lattice of sp2 hybrid orbitals, and is a two-dimensional material with only one atomic layer thickness. Its conductivity, thermal conductivity, strength, stability are very strong, known as “the king of new materials”, may have a subversive impact on the entire industry.

Can graphene be used to detect cancer cells?
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago have found that cells and graphene interact to distinguish active cancer cells from common cells by Raman imaging, which makes graphene promising for early detection of cancer. The study was published in the American Chemical Society “Applied Materials & Interfaces”.

What is the mechanism by which graphene can be used for cancer detection? “Graphene, the thinnest two-dimensional material known in the world today, is sensitive to changes in its surface,” says Vikas Berry, associate professor of chemistry at the University of Tokyo. “The interaction of graphene and cells leads to the distribution of charge in graphene rearrangement, changes the energy of atomic vibrations, such changes can be detected by Raman spectroscopy.As the cancer cells are more active, easily lead to a higher negative charge on the surface, which can distinguish whether there exist cancer cells.

The technology is still in the experimental stage of cancer mice. The results showed that the technology is very promising, and it will be further tested for patients with living tissue for testing. At the same time, the technology is also committed to distinguish between other types of normal cells and cancer cells. “Once the patient has a brain tumor, we can use this technique to see if the tumor recurs after surgery,” says Berry. “To do this, we need a sample of cells that can interact with graphene to see if cancer cells are still there.”

Earlier this year, Berry and his collaborators also studied nanoscale ripples in graphene, which showed different electrical conductivity in the vertical direction, which was useful for electronics.

With outstanding properties, such as large specific surface area, high conductivity and good flexibility, thinnest and strong strength, Graphene is supposed to make great contributions to human being in various aspects of life!

Related reading：Nano Graphene For Sale Graphene Oxide Powder

April 10, 2018April 10, 2018

Nanowires

Definition: The nanowires can be defined as a one-dimensional structure with a limit of 100 nanometers in the transverse direction (longitudinally unrestricted). Suspended nanowires indicate that the nanowires are fixed under vacuum conditions. Typical aspect ratios of nanowires are above 1000, so they are often referred to as one-dimensional materials.

Physical properties of Nanowires:

1. Mechanical properties

Normally, as the size decreases, the nanowires will exhibit better mechanical properties than large pieces of material. Strength becomes stronger, toughness becomes better.

2. Conductive properties

With the significant changes in mechanical properties, the electrical properties of nanowires are also significantly different from those of bulk materials. The conductivity of nanowires is expected to be much smaller than that of bulk materials. The reason is that when the cross-sectional dimension of the nanowires is smaller than the average free path of the bulk material, the scattering effect of the carriers on the boundary will be highlighted. The resistivity will receive a serious effect of the boundary effect. The surface atoms of the nanowires are not sufficiently bonded to the atoms in the bulk material, and these surface atoms that are not sufficiently bonded are often the source of defects in the nanowires, so that electrons can not pass smoothly The nanowires have lower conductivity than body material.
The conductivity of nanowires is expected to be much smaller than that of bulk materials. This is mainly caused by the following reasons. First, when the line width is less than the free electrons of free radicals, the scattering of carriers on the boundary will appear. For example, the average free path of copper is 40 nm. For copper nanowires with a width less than 40 nm, the mean free path will be shortened to line width.
At the same time, because of the scale of the reasons, the nanowires will also reflect other special properties. In carbon nanotubes, the movement of electrons follows the principle of ballistic transport (which means that electrons are free to travel from one electrode to another). In the nanowires, the resistivity is severely affected by the boundary effect. These boundary effects come from the atoms on the surface of the nanowire, which are not fully bonded as those of those atoms in the bulk material. These atoms that are not bonded are usually the source of defects in the nanowires, making the nanowires’ conductive capacity lower than the bulk material. With the decrease of nanowire size, the number of surface atoms increases relative to the number of atoms, so the boundary effect is more obvious.
Further, the conductivity will undergo energy quantization. The nanowires are connected between the electrodes, and scientists can study the conductivity of nanowires. By measuring the conductance of the nanowires at the time of stretching, the scientists found that when the length of the nanowires was shortened, its conductivity was also reduced in the form of ladder, with a Langjian constant G between each order.

Application of Nanowires:

In the electronics, optoelectronics and nanoelectromechanical devices, nanowires may play a very important role. It can also be used as an additive in composites, in a quantum instrument, a field emitter, and a biomolecule nanosensor.

1. Manufacture of electronic equipment
Some early experiments have shown that nanowires can be used in next generation computing devices. In order to make effective electronic elements, the first important step is to chemically method the nanowire doping. This has been implemented on nanowires to produce P-type and N-type semiconductors. The next step is to find the way to make the most simple electronic device for PN junctions. This can be done in two ways. The first is a physical method: put a P-line into an N-line. The second method is chemical: mix different impurities along a line. The next step is to build a logic gate. By simply connecting several PN sections together, the researchers have created all the basic logic circuits: the AND, or the NAND gate can already be crossed by the nanowires. The nanowire crossover may be important for the future of digital computing.

2. Solar energy conversion
The nanowires are able to naturally gather sunlight into a very small area of ??the crystal, which is 15 times the intensity of ordinary light. Since the diameter of the nanowire crystal is smaller than the wavelength of the incident sunlight, the resonance of the interior of the nanowire crystal and the surrounding light intensity can be caused. The study found that the photon emitted by resonance is more concentrated (solar energy conversion is in the process of disseminating the photon), which helps to improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy, making the nanowire-based solar cell technology has been really improved.

3. Promote chemical reactions
Researchers built the nanometer “tree” electrode into the water, and then use the simulated sunlight to illuminate and measure the output of the electricity. The results show that this vertical branch structure can not only capture a lot of solar energy, but also to maximize the increase in hydrogen production. Because in the plane structure, the bubbles must be large enough to float the surface, and the vertical structure can quickly extract very small hydrogen bubbles. The researchers said that this vertical branch structure can provide a chemical surface reaction area of ??400,000 times higher than the surface area. Researchers also have more ambitious goals, their eyes staring at the artificial photosynthesis. In natural photosynthesis, plants not only absorb sunlight, but also absorb carbon dioxide and water, resulting in carbohydrates for their own growth. Researchers hope to one day be able to imitate this process, the use of nano “forest” to absorb the atmosphere of carbon dioxide.

4. Microcell manufacturing
Scientists have made an important step in the manufacture of microcells, and they have developed a microcell with a vertically aligned nickel-tin nanowire, which is evenly wrapped around a multi-cell called PMMA Body material, which is commonly known as plexiglass. The main role of PMMA is insulation, when the current through, it can protect the inside of the nanowires from the reverse electrode. This battery is shorter than the average lithium battery charging time, other performance is also more excellent.

HW NANO, a high-tech enterprise focusing on manufacturing, research, development and processing of nanoparticles and nanowires.
High quality silver nanowires,copper nanowires, ZnO nanowires, SiC nanowires, precious metals nanowires with multi specification are available. As for olutions, it would be customized.

December 15, 2017

Application of nano zinc oxide in major industries

1 semiconductor industry

Zinc oxide is by far the hardest one in Group II-VI semiconductor materials, which means that zinc oxide can prevent the proliferation of other II-VI materials that are defective in their application to light emitting devices;

Zinc oxide as a UV detector has a very low dark current, the maximum response wavelength up to 350 nm;

Zinc oxide materials are transparent in the 0.4-2 μm wavelength range and have piezoelectric, optoelectronic and other effects, thus providing electrical, optical and acoustic devices such as light sources, detectors, modulators, optical waveguides, filters, and related circuitry Such as the possibility of monolithic integration. So has aroused the interest of many researchers.

2 rubber, plastic industry

Nanometer zinc oxide is the rubber industry’s most effective active agent and vulcanization accelerator. Nanometer zinc oxide powder has large specific surface area, small particles, good dispersibility, loose and porous, good fluidity and other physical and chemical characteristics. Therefore, it has good affinity with rubber, easy dispersion when melting, low heat generation of rubber compound, Broken deformation is small, good elasticity, improve the material properties and physical properties of the process for the manufacture of high-speed wear-resistant rubber products. Such as aircraft tires, limousine radial tires, with anti-aging, anti-friction ignition, long life and other advantages, substantially improve the rubber finish, mechanical strength, temperature and aging resistance, especially wear resistance.

In addition, zinc oxide as a rubber vulcanization system complete with additives, the higher the amount of filling, usually about 5 parts, due to large proportion of zinc oxide, a large amount of filling, the density of the rubber compound is very large, the Product life and energy consumption are negative, and the use of nano-zinc oxide, the amount of grade zinc oxide is only 30% -50%, reducing the production costs of enterprises, and in the tensile properties, heat, aging, etc. Are far better than ordinary zinc oxide.

Zinc oxide for the plastics industry, with the polymer material composite, with a strong bond between the substrate material, not only can improve the rigidity and hardness of the material, but also enhance the toughening effect. Due to the nano-ZnO shielding UV properties, the application of these materials can also improve the UV resistance.

3 ceramic industry

The extremely small particle size, large specific surface area and high chemical property of nano zinc oxide can significantly reduce the sintering density of the material, save energy, densify and homogenize the composition and structure of the ceramic material, improve the performance of the ceramic material, Improve the reliability of its use, can control the composition and structure of the material from the structural level of the nano-material, which is conducive to giving full play to the potential performance of the ceramic material,

In addition, since the size of the ceramic material determines the microstructure and macroscopic properties of the ceramic material, if the powder particles are uniformly packed, the sintering shrinkage and the crystal grains grow uniformly, the smaller the particles, the smaller the defects, The higher the strength of the prepared material, the more likely it is that some large particles do not have the unique properties.

4 cosmetics industry

In order to avoid excessive ultraviolet radiation on human skin damage, people have developed a variety of sunscreen skin care products. Early use of sunscreen skin care products more salicylic acid, amino acid, cinnamic acid, benzophenone and other organic UV inhibitors. The advantages of organic UV anti-UV sunscreen is high efficiency, but the sunscreen does not last long and stimulate the shortcomings of the skin.

In recent years, we have developed nano-zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, kaolin, talc and other inorganic anti-UV agent. Nano-zinc oxide UV absorption ability, UVA and UVB have a good shielding effect.

As an inorganic anti-UV agent, nano zinc oxide is non-toxic, odorless, non-irritating, non-decomposing, non-degenerating and has good thermal stability. Its safety is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and can be used as a sunscreen, makeup foundation and Lipstick and other raw materials.

5 catalyst industry

Due to its small size, large specific surface area and different bonding state between the surface and the particles, the nano-sized zinc oxide increases the contact surface and improves the catalytic efficiency. It is the first choice for chemical production enterprises to prepare chemical catalysts and desulfurization agents. Compared with ordinary oxidation Compared with zinc, zinc oxide has a larger specific surface area, and the number of atoms on the surface increases. As a result, more active catalytic sites are exposed, and the resulting catalysts are more active.

Nanometer zinc oxide used as desulfurizer is petroleum refining, ammonia, methanol, organic synthesis and chemical fiber and other industrial raw materials gas (oil) purifier, in addition can also be used as briquette, coking and flue gas desulfurization process.

Nano-ZnO for the removal of SO2 gas also has a good effect. Nano zinc oxide desulfurizer with wide temperature range, high purification, long life B sulfur C high capacity and other characteristics, the desulfurization reaction, the gas content of hydrogen sulfide can reach below 23%.

6 other fields

With the deepening of people’s understanding of the performance of nano zinc oxide, the scope of the application of nano-zinc oxide is constantly expanding, for example, the use of nano-zinc oxide in traditional coating technology can further improve the protective coating, making it UV-resistant Irradiation, resistance to atmospheric damage and degradation, discoloration and other functions;

The nano zinc oxide to a certain percentage added to the propionic acid coating, the system can be made with excellent antibacterial antibacterial nano-coating. Nanometer zinc oxide is very sensitive to the external environment (such as temperature, light, moisture, etc.), small changes in the external environment will quickly lead to changes in their surface ionic and electronic motion, which immediately led to significant changes in resistance. Using the sensitive nature of nano-ZnO, high-sensitivity gas alarms and hygrometers are produced.

To make a summary, nano-ZnO has become a new type of high-performance fine inorganic powder products for the 21st century. At present, researchers at home and abroad have developed various methods to prepare various forms of nano-zinc oxide products. Studies on nano-ZnO have been made A great progress has been made, but there are still some shortcomings in the preparation methods such as high cost, complex process and difficulty in industrialization.

In addition, the research on the structure and the application properties of nano ZnO has not been further studied. Therefore, the follow-up research focuses on the development of a simple, efficient and easy-to-manufacture method. The effect of the material structure on its optical, electrical, magnetic and acoustic performances is further studied. Applied technology research, with a view to give full play to the nano-size effect of materials in end products such as high-energy solar cells, photoreceivers, gas sensors and biosensors. With the improvement of nanometer zinc oxide production process, nanometer oxide industry application will enter a stage of rapid development.

Related reading：antibacterial agent zinc oxide nano zinc oxide powders

December 8, 2017

ALN nanopowder for heat conductive

AlN is an atomic crystal, diamond-like nitride, stable up to 2200 ℃. High intention at room temperature, and the intensity decreases slowly with increasing temperature. Good thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient is small, or electrical insulator, dielectric properties, good mechanical properties. It is widely for High temperature structural parts, thermal conductive materials and crucibles and casting mold materials.

High thermal conductivity (about 270W / m · K
Thermal expansion coefficient (4.5 × 10-6 ℃)

ALN nanopowder For thermal conductive use:

1, thermal silica and thermal conductivity of epoxy resin
Ultra-high thermal conductivity of nano AlN composite silicone has good thermal conductivity, good electrical insulation, a wide range of electrical insulation temperature (operating temperature -60 ℃ – 200 ℃), lower consistency and good construction performance. Products have reached or exceeded the imported products, because it can replace similar imported products and are widely used in electronic devices heat transfer medium, improve work efficiency. Such as CPU and radiator gap, high-power transistors, SCR components, diodes, and the substrate contact with the slit at the heat transfer medium. Nano thermal paste is filled IC or transistor and the gap between the heat sink, increasing the contact area between them, to achieve better heat dissipation.

2, the application of thermal plastic: Nano aluminum nitride powder can greatly improve the thermal conductivity of plastics. By adding 5-10% of the experimental product into the plastic, the thermal conductivity of the plastic can be increased from 0.3 to 5. Thermal conductivity increased more than 16 times. Compared to the current market thermal filler (alumina or oh magnesium oxide, etc.) with a low amount of added, the mechanical properties of products have improved the role of thermal conductivity to improve more obvious characteristics. At present, relevant application manufacturers have already purchased Nano AlN powder on a large scale.

Apart from Aluminum Nitride nanopowder, also BN, SiC, alpha Al2O3 ZnO nanopowder, etc are also applied for thermal conductive. In theory BN nanopowder and ALN nanopowder have higher thermal conductivity. We believe there are increasing market for thermal conductive nanopowder materials, and for the Aluminum Nitride nano powder for thermal conductive use.

December 4, 2017

Properties and Applications of Boron Nitride Materials

h- BN powder is a hexagonal crystal, which is a kind of white flake-like fine material similar to graphite, commonly known as white graphite, and excellent in lubrication. BN powder is with lubricity, thermal conductivity and good high temperature performance.

Hexagonal boron nitride is called “white graphite” because it has a layered crystal structure similar to graphite and has similar physicochemical properties to graphite, such as good lubricity and thermal conductivity. h-BN is often used as a sintered ceramic material. Because of its high thermal conductivity, good electrical insulation, low thermal expansion coefficient and non-wettability with most metals, h-BN ceramic has been widely used in high temperature insulation parts, atomic energy, metallurgy, aviation and other fields.
As an advanced ceramic material, boron nitride has many excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, high thermal conductivity, high insulation, machinability, lubrication, non-toxicity and the like, and has strong neutron absorption capacity. Therefore, this new type of inorganic materials will have broad application prospects in the military engineering such as metallurgy, chemical engineering, machinery, electronics, aerospace and so on, and industrial production.
The use of boron nitride high temperature, electrical insulation, h-BN products can be used to make high-temperature plasma welding tools, insulation components, a variety of heater bushings, spacecraft thermal shielding materials. Coupled with the high thermal conductivity, which can be made of coal mine explosion-proof motor insulation heat sink, high temperature thermocouple protection sleeve. The use of h-BN glass, metal melt non-wettability and corrosion resistance, can be used for special smelting smelting a variety of non-ferrous metals, precious metals and rare metals containers, crucibles, pumps and other components.

In addition to the above properties, boron nitride does not soften and deform at high temperatures and can be used as high-temperature furnaces, mandarins and boats, particularly magnetoelectric power generators and plasma jet furnaces, requiring materials with a great heat resistance Impact and electrical insulation, BN is an excellent material in this regard. Boron nitride thermal conductivity is also very good, can be used as high-frequency electrical insulation materials, integrated circuits with heat sink and ion rocket nozzle accessories. The shape of these objects is complex, high precision machining requirements, excellent processing performance of the BN can fully meet the requirements. Boron nitride high pressure point, high resistance and good dielectric properties, can be used to make EHV insulation wire.

November 28, 2017

Germanium nanopowder

In recent years, lithium-ion batteries as its main energy storage system has been widespread concern, the development of high energy density, high power density and long life capacity of high-performance lithium-ion battery research has gradually become a hot research.

Recently, alloy lithium-containing negative electrode materials (including silicon, germanium, tin-based anode materials) with higher lithium capacity have become the most promising alternative materials for future graphite-based negative electrode materials. The structural design of these materials at the nanometer scale can effectively improve the electrochemical cycle and magnification performance of these materials, and fully demonstrate its promising application prospect in the next generation high performance lithium ion battery.

Germanium has a higher electrical conductivity and lithium ion diffusion than silicon, so germanium is a powerful candidate for high-power lithium-ion battery anode materials. At present, the researchers try to prepare a variety of germanium nano structured materials to improve their electrode performance. Korean scholar Park and so on to obtain zero-dimensional hollow germanium nanoparticles and three-dimensional porous germanium nanoparticles, showing better cycle performance.

Also, researchers at the University of Munich, Germany (TUM) and the University of Munich (LMU) have discovered a new method of making thin, solid, and porous semiconductor layers using nano structured germanium materials that are expected to be used to develop portable solar cells and batteries electrode.

This material is very suitable for small, lightweight and soft solar cells, or to improve the performance of rechargeable batteries electrode. Scientists by integrating the amount of organic polymers in the pores of germanium materials can be tailored to create the electrical properties of the symbiotic mixture. This design not only saves space, but also create a large interface surface, enhance the overall performance. In the porous porous germanium nanometer film filled with the right amount of organic polymer, making it a hybrid solar cell。

Manufacturers around the world are looking for light weight, sturdy materials, and portable solar cells. So far they are mainly used for organic compounds, which are sensitive and have a relatively short life span. Heat and light decomposition of the polymer and result in reduced performance. The thin but strong germanium mix provides a real choice.

November 23, 2017

What will replace ITO？ Metal mesh? Or silver nanowires?

What is ITO?

Indium Tim Oxide(ITO), is a thin-film material, usually used in LCD,PDP,EL/OLED, Touch Panel, Solar Cells and transparency electrode of other electronic instruments.

ITO is now widely used in electronic products, but the future of electronics, such as mobile terminals, wearable devices, smart appliances, etc. Touch panel is hoped to become the large-size, cost-reduction and flexible. This is bound to promote the new materials to replace traditional ITO.

Traditional ITO thin film can’t used in flexible application, and its inherent problems—-conductivity and light transmittance are difficult to overcome. Thus, numerous manufacturers begin to find the substitutes for ITO, such as silver nanowires, metal mesh, carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and graphene.

From technology and marketization level, metal mesh and silver nanowires will be the two major roles in new-developing touch technology.

ITO alternatives – silver nanowires

What is the silver nanowires?

Silver nanowires (Ag NWs) technology, the silver nanowires ink material is applied on plastic or glass substrate, and then using the laser lithography technology to portray into a transparent conductive film with nanoscale silver line conductive network pattern.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Silver Nanowires

Advantages:

the production process is simple and good rate.
since the line width is small, the conductive thin film made of silver nanowires technique can achieve higher light transmittance than the one made of a metal grid technology.
compared to the metal mesh film, silver nanowires films own a smaller radius of curvature and the resistance change rate is small while bending, the application on devices with surface display, such as smart watches, bracelets, etc, has more advantages.
besides excellent electrical conductivity than silver, because of the nanoscale size effect, silver nanowires also have excellent transparency and resistance to flex.
large aspect ratio of silver nanowires effect makes its applications in conductive plastic, thermal plastic and other fields also have outstanding advantages.
Disadvantages:

With the severe diffuse reflection light irradiation in outdoor scenes, the screen reflective strongly, you can not see the screen clearly.
Silver nanowires Status

1. although silver nanowires has slightly high raw material costs, its preparation is simple, thus the overall cost is not high. And diffuse phenomenon can use some techniques to reduce:
2. the silver nanowires coated with a high refractive index material film;
3. blackening silver nanowires surface;
4. Reduce the reflective intensity;
5. roughened silver nanowires.

HWNANO supply kinds of siver nanowirs with various specification(ultrafine diameter to <30nm, length to >20um). As for confecting dispersion liquid, different medium,concentration can be customized.